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bib
--- Timezone: CET
Creation date: 2024-03-28
Creation time: 13-58-23
--- Number of references
26
conference
Review of Efficiency Measurement Standards for Wind Turbines on Nacelle Test Benches: Based on Small-Scale Test Benches for Electrical Machines
2023
9
There is a huge global demand for clean renewable energy sources to compensate for energy-related carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions. The widespread development of multi-megawatt wind turbines with increased energy efficiency is playing an important role in meeting this demand for clean energy. Traceable efficiency measurements for wind turbines on test benches or in the field are thus very crucial. They are also of great interest for evaluating the usability of wind energy. However, no standardized methods are currently available for the traceable efficiency determination of wind turbines on test benches during the design phase. In this paper, a review of standards of efficiency measurements for rotating electrical machines on test benches is summarized. Furthermore, an innovative measurement concept for small-scale test benches with results that are similar to those of nacelle test benches for wind turbines is presented.
Efficiency losses
nacelle test bench
rotating electrical machines
small-scale test bench
wind turbine
t3://file?uid=9263 _blank
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt
Gyeongju, Korea
24th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS)
31 Oct.-3 Nov. 2021
En
10.7795/EMPIR.19ENG08.CA.20230831B
NijanYogal
ChristianLehrmann
HongkunZhang
ZihangSong
PaulaWeidinger
RolfKumme
conference
Accurate Rotational Speed Measurement for Determining the Mechanical Power and Efficiency of Electrical Machines
2023
9
Accurately measuring the mechanical power of electrical machines is essential for determining their efficiency. Conventionally, the machines' rotational speed is measured over a short time interval with a high measurement uncertainty. In this paper, we propose a rotational speed determination based on the angle covered within a longer time interval. This method is shown to achieve a higher accuracy for the determination of mechanical power and total efficiency with negligible systematic effect.
Power measurement
Torque
Systematics
Velocity control
Measurement uncertainty
Mechanical variables measurement
Time measurement
t3://file?uid=9262 _blank
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt
Gyeongju, Korea
24th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS)
31 Oct.-3 Nov. 2021
EN
10.7795/EMPIR.19ENG08.CA.20230831A
ZihangSong
PaulaWeidinger
RolfKumme
article
Estimation of Uncertainty for the Torque Transducer in MNm Range—Classical Approach and Fuzzy Sets
Energies, 16.16(6064): 1-20
2023
8
The work provides an analysis of the metrological properties of a 5 MN m torque
transducer. The relative electrical signal (given in electrical units, mV/V) as a function of
torque measured in both the clockwise and anticlockwise directions was monitored.
To fit the data, the weighted method of least squares with both a straight-line and
a cubic spline curve was used. The work presents the results of estimating both the
relative and absolute uncertainty using two methods: uncertainty propagation and Monte
Carlo simulation. The results of the analysis indicated that the straight-line fitting method
produced smaller values for the expanded uncertainty than the cubic spline fitting method.
Moreover, the study confirmed the assumptions that theMCMfor propagating uncorrelated
distributions was more accurate than the LPU method, regardless of the type of curve
fitting used. In the torque range above 200 kN m, the expanded relative uncertainty of the
measured signals was at the level of (0.03 ÷ 0.04) % for the straight-line fitting method and
about 0.05% for the cubic spline fitting method. In the calibrated range below 1 MN m,
with linear fitting in both directions, the absolute expanded uncertainty of the normalised
signal was below 0.0001 mV/V.
In addition, matching to the measured coordinates was performed with cubic splines,
i.e., polynomials of the third degree, which, due to their characteristics, can adjust to
various types of nonlinearities. In interpolating problems, cubic spline interpolation is
often preferred to other polynomials with a higher degree . But this interpolation, in general,
cannot be used for analytic continuation—the extrapolation of characteristics using cubic
spline in a range not measured by the instrument, e.g., the torque transducer. Additionally
the expanded uncertainties estimated from the Monte Carlo method for all cases were
much higher for cubic spline than for linear interpolation.
Finally, we explored how to evaluate uncertainty using fuzzy sets, and an approximation
of the expanded uncertainty’s value was computed.
Overall, the study provides a detailed analysis of the metrological properties of the
torque transducer and presents a comparison of different methods for estimating the
uncertainty above a calibratable range. The findings can be useful for researchers and
engineers working with torque transducers and those in the wind turbine sector expanding
the development of more precise measurement techniques.
torque transducer
reference torque standard machine
measurement uncertainty
calibration
wind energy
weighted least squares method
Monte Carlo method
law of propagation of uncertainty
fuzzy sets
t3://file?uid=9260
En
https://doi.org/10.3390/en16166064
JanuszFidelus
JacekPuchalski
AnnaTrych-Wildner
Michał K.Urbanski
PaulaWeidinger
article
The Creep Behaviour of a 2 kN*m Torque Transducer Tested at GUM and PTB
Measurement 2023, Proceedings of the 14th International Conference
2023
5
This article outlines the metrological characterisation of a 2kN*m torque transducer conducted at the Central Office of Measures (GUM) and Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB). The linear regression equations for this torque transducer were determined using the weighted least sqare method. In all calculations, the Monte Carlo method was used to estimate the expanded uncertainties, which were found to be lower than those calculated using the law of propagation of uncertainty. Additionally, a creep study was conducted at eight measurement points ranging from 200 N*m to 2000 N*m
t3://file?uid=8913
t3://file?uid=8912
Smolenice, Slovakia
Measurement 2023
978-80-972629-6-9
JanuszFidelus
JacekPuchalski
AnnaTrych-Wildner
PaulaWeidinger
article
Importance of Traceability for Determining the Efficiency of wind turbine drive trains on test benches
SMSI 2023 Conference – Sensor and Measurement Science International
2023
5
In this paper, the efficiency of a 2.75 MW nacelle is compared using calibrated and uncalibrated
measurement devices. The results show that especially calibration of mechanical input is important, as
the torque measurement is off by about 5 % and results in significantly lower system efficiencies.
Calibration, efficiency determination, nacelle system test bench, mechanical input power,
electrical output power
t3://file?uid=8910
SMSI 2023 Conference – Sensor and Measurement Science International
EN
10.5162/SMSI2023/P52
ZihangSong
PaulaWeidinger
MaximilianZweiffel
AlexanderDubowik
RafaelSoares Oliveira
NijanYogal
ChristianMester
article
Zero Signal Determination for Torque Measurement Under Rotation in Test Benches
SMSI 2023 Conference – Sensor and Measurement Science International
2023
5
This paper discusses the problem of determining the zero point when measuring torque under rotation.
Two approaches are presented and analysed: static zero signal determination, which should be
used for efficiency calculation, and rotational zero signal determination, which should be used for test
bench torque calibration under rotation.
zero signal determination, offset determination, torque measurement, torque under rotation,
torque in test benches
t3://file?uid=8911
SMSI 2023 Conference
EN
10.5162/SMSI2023/D4.2
PaulaWeidinger
ZihangSong
HongkunZhang
MaximilianZweiffel
RafaelSoares Oliveira
article
Direct measurement of input loads for the wind turbine drivetrain
under test on a nacelle test bench
Forschung im Ingenieurwesen
2023
3
20
Modern wind turbines have some of the highest levels of torque and non-torque loads of all industrial sectors. These high loads present a great challenge for the design of wind turbines. On a nacelle test bench, the wind turbine drivetrain can be tested and validated against the design. It is therefore important to measure the correct level of each load and all its dynamic behaviors during the test. The best way to achieve this is to measure the loads directly in front of the drivetrain. This paper presents a method of direct load measurement on the shaft adapter which connects the drivetrain to the test bench. The technical solution and some important details about the instrumentation on the adapter are also presented. Methods of signal nulling as well as signal conversion from raw signals to the loads are compared as well. The measurements obtained are then compared with the applied loads from the test bench which show good agreement. As a special case, the torque measurement is validated and calibrated up to 5MNm by means of a state-of-the-art torque transducer.
t3://file?uid=8482
Springer
online
EN
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10010-023-00628-z
HongkunZhang
SörenPieper
MarcelHeller
article
Influence of drivetrain efficiency determination on the torque control
of wind turbines
Forschung im Ingenieurwesen
2023
3
20
Decreasing the levelized cost of energy is a major design objective for wind turbines. Accordingly, the control is generally optimized to achieve a high energy production and a high-power coefficient. In partial load range, speed and torque are controlled via the generator torque but the rotor torque determines the power coefficient of the turbine. High uncertainties for the uncalibrated low-speed shaft torque measurement and varying drivetrain efficiencies which depend on the speed, load and temperature lead to a torque control error that reduces the power coefficient of the wind turbine. In this paper the rotor torque control error and the impact on the power coefficient of wind turbines is quantified. For this purpose, the variation of drivetrain efficiency is analyzed. An efficiency model for the wind turbine drivetrain is build and validated on the test bench. Then, the influence of the drivetrain speed, torque loads, non-torque loads, and temperature on the efficiency is quantified. Finally, the influence of the rotor torque control error on the power coefficient was simulated with an aerodynamic model. The results show that of all examined influences only torque and temperature significantly impacting the efficiency leading to rotor torque control errors that reduce the power coefficient and consequently increase the levelized cost of energy. Improved efficiency measurement on WT test benches or drivetrain efficiency modelling can reduce the rotor torque control error and therefore decrease the LCOE.
t3://file?uid=8481
Springer
Online
EN
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10010-023-00630-5
MaximilianZweiffel
G.Jacobs
ZihangSong
PaulaWeidinger
T.Decker
J.Röder
D.Bosse
article
Traceable efficiency determination of a 2.75 MW nacelle on a test bench
Forschung im Ingenieurwesen
2023
3
20
In this paper, the efficiency of a 2.75MWnacelle drivetrain on a test bench was determined traceably at various load points. For this purpose, so-called transfer standards for mechanical and electrical power measurement were additionally installed and integrated into the nacelle drivetrain. As torque measurement contributes greatly to the overall uncertainty, the static torque calibration was expanded to include additional influences present under rotation. An overall system efficiency of 89% was measured in the high torque and high speed range. The relative expanded measurement uncertainty for efficiency determination was between 0.30% and 0.72% over the entire operating range. Both the efficiency and the relative expanded measurement uncertainty were calculated for each operating point.
t3://file?uid=8480
Springer
Online
EN
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10010-023-00650-1
ZihangSong
PaulaWeidinger
MaximilianZweiffel
AlexanderDubowik
ChristianMester
NijanYogal
RafaelSoares Oliveira
conference
Transducer response under non-standardised torque load profiles
2022
10
In nacelle system test benches, different wind profiles are simulated by applying different torque loads and rotational speeds amongst other things. Unlike load sequences during calibration measurements, these profiles are neither constant nor increasing and decreasing through controlled steps. This article proposes a sequence of partial range and shuffled torque load tests that combine torque rates and filter settings to evaluate parameters affecting the measurement results, such as output sensitivity, linearity, and hysteresis.
torque calibration; DIN 51309; DKD-R 3-9; transient torque load; randomly shuffled loading
t3://file?uid=8479
Cavtat-Dubrovnik, Croatia
IMEKO 24th TC3, 14th TC5, 6th TC16 and 5th TC22 International Conference
11 – 13 October 2022
https://doi.org/10.21014/tc3-2022.083
RafaelSoares Oliveira
PaulaWeidinger
ZihangSong
L.Vavrečka
JanuszFidelus
TimoKananen
SauliKilponen
conference
Applicability of torque calibration on test benches for electrical machines
2022
10
The traceability of torque measurements on test benches for electrical machines is primarily established by the static calibration of a torque transducer. However, the loading conditions and signal processing methods are generally different for the static calibration and the measurement on a test bench. Therefore, the applicability of the calibration should be clarified before applying the calibration results for further analysis. In this paper, the torque measurement chain using a power analyser on a test bench for electrical machines is compared to the measurement chain used in the standard calibration procedure DIN 51309.
DIN 51309; torque measurement; torque calibration; power analyser; motor test bench
t3://file?uid=8477
Cavtat-Dubrovnik, Croatia
IMEKO 24th TC3, 14th TC5, 6th TC16 and 5th TC22 International Conference
11 – 13 October 2022
EN
https://doi.org/10.21014/tc3-2022.068
ZihangSong
PaulaWeidinger
NijanYogal
RafaelSoares Oliveira
ChristianLehrmann
RolfKumme
conference
Efficiency measurement with a focus on the influence of rotation and temperature on torque measurements performed on small-scale test benches
2022
10
Torque measurements that account for the influences of temperature and rotation are vital in determining the efficiency of rotating electrical machines on test benches. During experimental efficiency measurements, the influences of temperature and rotational speed generate errors in the torque measurements that could also affect the overall traceable efficiency measurement on test benches. In this paper, experimental efficiency mapping results with a focus on the influence of rotation and temperature on torque measurements are presented.
efficiency measurement; rotating electrical machines; torque calibration; torque measurement under rotation
t3://file?uid=8478
Cavtat-Dubrovnik, Croatia
IMEKO 24th TC3, 14th TC5, 6th TC16 and 5th TC22 International Conference
11 – 13 October 2022
EN
https://doi.org/10.21014/tc3-2022.083
NijanYogal
ChristianLehrmann
ZihangSong
PaulaWeidinger
RolfKumme
RafaelSoares Oliveira
article
A phase reference for ADC delay characterisation
2022
In an increasing number of applications, analogue signals are acquired and timestamped. The quantities of interest,
such as active power or phasors in a three-phase system, are calculated in fully digital pieces of equipment based on data from different digital sources such as instrument transformers with digital output. Therefore, the requirements for the timestamping become more and more challenging where traditionally, analogue voltage and current were digitised on the same circuit board and timestamping with a resolution of a second was largely sufficient. This paper presents a phase reference that does not depend on assumptions about the alignment of sine and square wave signals.
t3://file?uid=8483
Online
EN
ChristianMester
conference
Validierung eines Verfahrens zur Wirkungsgradbestimmung von Windenergieanlagen auf Prüfständen
19. Technischer Tag der VEM-Gruppe
2022
The methods for determining the efficiency of rotating electrical machines are specified in the EN 60034 series of standards: mains-powered machines are treated in the EN 60034-2-1 standard and frequency converter-fed machines in the EN 60034-2-3 standard. According to EN 60034-2-1, the use of the summation of losses method with residual loss determination is recommended for asynchronous machines to ensure the lowest possible measurement uncertainty. One advantage here, for example, is that constant offset errors in torque measurement do not directly affect the efficiency. In principle, these methods, which are established in the industrial drives sector, can also be used to determine the efficiency of generators in wind energy systems. However, the procedures required by the standards are often not feasible in nacelle test benches.
Due to the lack of applicable standards, the Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy Systems (IWES) developed a modified method for determining the efficiency of generators in wind energy systems. This procedure is based on the back-to-back procedure described in EN 60034-2-1:2015 section 6.2.2. To validate the alternative back-to-back method, the results obtained were compared with the results obtained using the summation of losses method described in the EN 60034-2-1 standard. The comparative measurements were carried out on drives with different rated powers and frame sizes as part of the EMPIR project 19ENG08 – WindEFCY at PTB. In the context of the presentation, the validation process and its results are presented in detail.
Wind turbine
Test bench
Nacelle
Measurement uncertainty
t3://file?uid=7724 _blank
Wernigerode
19. Technischer Tag der VEM-Gruppe
13.-14.09.2022
DE
ChristianLehrmann
PaulaWeidinger
NijanYogal
ZihangSong
conference
Metrological characterisation of rotational speed measurement using an inclinometer in a nacelle test bench
Sensoren und Messsysteme 2022
2022
165-168
The measurement of mechanical power in nacelle test benches is an essential part of determining the efficiency of wind turbines. For this purpose, the selected inclinometer is integrated into the torque transfer standard to build a transfer standard for mechanical power measurement. The metrological characteristics of rotational speed measurement using the inclinometer are investigated by considering the static calibration, the uncertainty contributions due to mounting misalignments, eccentricity, dynamic effects, and the process of data evaluation. Finally, the traceability chain of the rotational speed measurement is established.
Rotational speed
Inclinometer
Nacelle test bench
t3://file?uid=7729 _blank
VDE VERLAG GMBH ∙ Berlin ∙ Offenbach
Nürnberg
Sensoren und Messsysteme 2022
10.-11.05.2022
EN
978-3-8007-5835-7
ZihangSong
PaulaWeidinger
HongkunZhang
MarcelHeller
RafaelSoares Oliveira
RolfKumme
conference
Proteccion y eficienca de aerogeneradores de energía dotados con compensadores de carga eléctrica
ENERGÉTICAXXI
2022
56-58
Los compensadores de carga eléctrica son dispositivos pasivos, producidos por Dinnteco bajo la denominación de DDCE1, que permiten la captación y deriva a tierra de corrientes eléctricas en el tiempo. Su funcionamiento se basa en equilibrar el campo eléctrico variable en el entorno de la estructura que protegen, evitando que se generen trazadores eléctricos ascendentes y absorbiendo también la energía electromagnética de radiofrecuencia. Es, por
tanto, un sistema de protección frente a descargas atmosféricas que evita el impacto en la infraestructura protegida, desvanece las acciones de radiofrecuencia de agentes exteriores y las derivadas de pulsos de corriente asociados a los rayos nube-nube y nube-tierra
Atmospheric discharges
Lightning
Protecion System
t3://file?uid=7725 _blank
ENERGÉTICAXXI
03.2022
ES
JavierMaldonado
MariaAna Saenz Nuno
PaulaWeidinger
EusebioBernabeu
conference
Evaluation of the uncertainty of a traceable efficiency determination method for wind turbine electrical machines in a small-scale test bench
PEMD 2022 - The 11th International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives
2022
This paper examines the feasibility and practicability of international standards for determining the efficiency of wind turbine electrical machines on a test bench. Test methods combined with static calibration certificates from specialized instruments and sensors were used to evaluate the efficiency and determine the measurement uncertainty (MU) values in ambient conditions on a small-scale test bench (SSTB). These will next be studied on the nacelle test bench (NTB). The main test used to determine the performance of wind turbines is the direct efficiency method. For comparison, two other tests were done applying the indirect and modified back-to-back (MBTB) efficiency methods based on small-scale test bench measurements for wind turbines. The results were compared with a focus on MU values and are presented in this paper.
Efficiency
Nacelle test bench
Rotating electrical machines
Small-scale test bench
Standardization
t3://file?uid=7726 _blank
Newcastle, UK
PEMD 2022 - The 11th International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives
21.-23.06.2022
EN
NijanYogal
ChristianLehrmann
HongkunZhang
conference
Metrological evaluation of torque measurement up to 5 MN m under rotation in a 10 MW nacelle test bench
Sensoren und Messsysteme 2022
2022
59-62
The torque input to nacelles is of great importance for the efficiency determination of these nacelles. For a reliable and
traceable torque measurement in nacelle test benches, a torque transfer standard is installed in the drive train directly at the rotor hub of the nacelle and certain combinations of torque and rotational speed, so-called characterisation maps, are applied and measured. In doing so, the torque measurement in the 10 MW nacelle test bench DyNaLab at Fraunhofer IWES is characterised metrologically up to 5 MN m in form of a relative indication deviation including the corresponding expanded measurement uncertainty.
Wind turbine
Efficiency
Test bench
Measurement uncertainty
t3://file?uid=7727 _blank
VDE VERLAG GMBH ∙ Berlin ∙ Offenbach
Nürnberg
Sensoren und Messsysteme 2022
10.-11.05.2022
EN
978-3-8007-5835-7
PaulaWeidinger
ZihangSong
MarcelHeller
HongkunZhang
KarinEustorgi
article
Need for a traceable efficiency determination method of nacelles performed on test benches
Measurement: Sensors
2021
9
23
18
100159
1-4
For an energy transition towards renewable energy sources, the importance of traceable efficiency determination
increases. There are standards for a traceable efficiency determination of rotating electrical machines as well as
standards for a power curve determination of wind turbines in the field. To speed up and ameliorate the design
process of a wind turbine, however, a standardised efficiency determination method for nacelle drive trains on
test benches is required. In this paper, the need and recommendations for such an efficiency determination
method are given.
Nacelle test bench
Wind turbine power curves
Direct efficiency determination
Mechanical power measurement
Electrical power measurement
t3://file?uid=6261
ELSEVIER
open access journal
En
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measen.2021.100159
PaulaWeidinger
AlexanderDubowik
ChristianLehrmann
NijanYogal
RolfKumme
MaximilianZweiffel
NorbertEich
ChristianMester
HongkunZhang
article
10 MW mechanical power transfer standard for nacelle test benches using a torque transducer and
an inclinometer
Measurement: Sensors
2021
9
22
18
100249
1-5
Accurately measuring the mechanical power of wind turbines is essential for determining their efficiencies. As
there is currently no standardized method available for a traceable mechanical power measurement of wind
turbines, we propose a 10 MW mechanical power transfer standard based on a 5 MN⋅m torque transducer and an
inclinometer for rotational speed measurements up to 20 min???? 1. In particular, the deviation of using an inclinometer
is investigated both in simulation and experiments, and a compensation method is proposed. By tracing
both the torque and the rotational speed measurements to national standards, it can offer a mechanical power
measurement with 0.5 % measurement uncertainty.
Nacelle test bench
Wind turbine
Inclinometer
Rotational speed measurement
Mechanical power measurement
t3://file?uid=6262
ELSEVIER
open access journal
10.1016/j.measen.2021.100249
ZihangSong
PaulaWeidinger
NorbertEich
HongkunZhang
conference
Challenges and potential solutions for determining the efficiency of wind turbines
2021
9
14
This presentation will elaborate on the EMPIR project and its goals and present the initial results of the investigations conducted at PTB's motor test field. One focus here will be on the testing of various efficiency determination methods to see which are most suitable for use on wind turbine test benches.
We will further look at the current status of the calibration of the mechanical performance transfer standard and examine the solutions that have been developed for synchronizing the acquisition of measured data on a real wind turbine test bench.
Presentation in german language
Wind turbine
Efficiency
Nacelle test bench
t3://file?uid=6829
t3://file?uid=6827
t3://file?uid=6828
Wernigerode
18. Technischer Tag der VEM-Gruppe
14.-15.09.2021
DE
ChristianLehrmann
PaulaWeidinger
ZihangSong
NijanYogal
article
Sampling Primary Power Standard from DC up to 9 kHz Using
Commercial Off-The-Shelf Components
Energies
2021
14
2203
1-15
In the framework of the EMPIR projects MyRailS and WindEFCY, METAS developed a primary
standard for electrical power using commercial off-the-shelf components. The only custom part
is the software that controls the sampling system and determines the amplitude and phase of the
different frequency components of voltage and current. The system operates from DC up to 9 kHz,
even with distorted signals. The basic system is limited to 700V and 21A. Its power uncertainty
is 15μW/VA at power frequencies and increases to 1.8mW/VA at 9 kHz. With the extension up
to 1000V and 360A, the system reaches power uncertainties of 20μW/VA at power frequencies,
increasing to 510μW/VA at 9 kHz. For higher voltages or higher currents, the same principle is used.
However, the uncertainties are dominated by the stability of the sources. The voltage and current
channels can also be used independently to calibrate and test power quality instruments. Thanks to a
time-stamping system, the system can also be used to calibrate phasor measurement units, which are
synchronised to UTC.
electrical power; EMPIR; MyRailS; WindEFCY; PMU; power quality; power standard;
sampling; traceability; uncertainty
t3://file?uid=5812
English
https://doi.org/10.3390/en14082203
ChristianMester
conference
Nacelle efficiency performed on test benches - the metrological traceability for the input mechanical power
Brazil Windpower Congress
2021
The existing guidelines about efficiency measurement of wind turbines rely on power curve measurements in the wind park, which is a very restrictive process due to the field conditions that cannot be controlled. More recently, the use of Nacelle Test Benches (NTB) to evaluate the efficiency of wind turbines is growing. These facilities provide a controlled environment for efficiency tests, as the input mechanical power is generated through a drive system combining loads of torque (prime mover) and force (load application system). These drive loads are able to simulate the same conditions that a wind turbine would feel under a wind flow in the “real field”. In this perspective, standardized tests and validation processes for nacelles on NTBs are needed to assure quality and reach comparability stages. The proceeding for the determination of the efficiency of nacelles and their components on NTBs however, has not been standardized nor tracked by metrological national standards until now. This article introduces the research approaches in metrology carried out in the context of the European Metrology Programme for Innovation and Research (EMPIR) by the respective projects “14IND14 - Torque measurement in the MN·m range (MNm Torque)” and “19ENG08 - Traceable mechanical and electrical power measurement for efficiency determination of wind turbines (WindEFCY)”. The challenges and achievements of metrological traceability for the NTB input Mechanical Power are explored in the article in a way to present the Windpower community which methodologies, objectives and governance structure and background are addressed by the mentioned projects.
Nacelle Test Bench
Metrological Traceability
Mechanical Power Measurement
Torque Measurement
Rotational Speed Measurement
t3://file?uid=7728 _blank
São Paulo, Brazil
Brazil Windpower Congress
3.-5.11.2021
EN
RafaelSoares Oliveira
PaulaWeidinger
ZihangSong
conference
SongWEZYK2021
Video presentation on "10 MW mechanical power transfer standard for nacelle test benches using a torque
transducer and an incliometer" given at IMEKO2021 by Zihang Song.
2021
t3://file?uid=6833 _blank
ZihangSong
PaulaWeidinger
NorbertEich
HongkunZhang
NijanYogal
RolfKumme
conference
Video presentation on "Torque measurement under rotation in test benches" given at the 2nd International
Seminar on Dynamic Measurement by Zihang Song and Paula Weidinger.
2021
t3://file?uid=6825
PaulaWeidinger
ZihangSong
conference
Video presentation on "Need for a traceable efficiency determination method of nacelles performed in test
benches" given at IMEKO2021 by Paula Weidinger.
2021
t3://file?uid=6826
PaulaWeidinger