Übersichtsartikel

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     DC Anwendungen

     AC Anwendungen

• J. Kohlmann, "Quantum Standards for Voltage", in "Applied Superconductivity: Handbook on Devices and Applications", P. Seidel (Ed.), Wiley-VCH, (2015) 807-827.
  
  
• R. Behr, O. Kieler, J. Kohlmann, F. Müller und L. Palafox, "Development and metrological applications of Josephson arrays at PTB", Meas. Sci. Technol. 23 (2012) 124002 (19 pp).

• J. Kohlmann und R. Behr,"Development of Josephson voltage standards", in: Superconductivity - Theory and Applications, Assoc. Adir Moysés Luiz (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-307-151-0, InTech (2011) 239-260.

• J. Kohlmann, "Programmable Josephson voltage standards: from DC to AC”, in “100 Years of Superconductivity", H. Rogalla und P. Kes (Eds.), Taylor & Francis, (2011) 540-545.

• J. Kohlmann, R. Behr und T. Funck, "Josephson voltage standards", Meas. Sci. Techn. 14 (2003) 1216-1228.

• R. Behr, F. Müller und J. Kohlmann, "Josephson junction arrays for voltage standards", in "Studies of Josephson junction arrays", Vol. 2, (Studies of high temperature superconductors: 40), A.V. Narlikar (Ed.), Nova Science Publ.: Huntington, NY (2002) 155-184.

• J. Niemeyer, "Das Josephsonspannungsnormal - Entwicklung zum Quantenvoltmeter", PTB-Mitteilungen 110 (2000) 169-177.

• J. Niemeyer, "Josephson voltage standards", in: Handbook of Applied Superconductivity, B. Seeber (Ed.), Institute of Physics Publishing, Bristol (1998) 1813-1834.

• S. Solve, R. Chayramy, M. Stock, L. Palafox, R. Behr, “Comparison of the Josephson Voltage Standards of the PTB and the BIPM (part of the ongoing BIPM key comparison BIPM.EM-K10.b),” Metrologia Technical Supplement, 01025, 2015.
  
  
• R. Behr und A. S. Katkov, "Comparison of array voltage standards by using a portable Josephson voltage standard", EUROMET.EM.BIPM-K10.a, Final Report, Metrologia 2005.
  
  
• R. Behr, M. Schubert und T. May, "Accuracy of a cryocooler-based programmable Josephson voltage standard", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., 53, pp. 822-825, 2004.
  
  
• R. Behr, J. Kohlmann, T. J. B. M. Janssen, P. Kleinschmidt, J. M. Williams, S. Djordjevic,J.-P. Lo-Hive, F. Piquemal, P. O. Hetland, D. Reymann, G. Eklund, Ch. Hof, B. Jeanneret, O. Chevtchenko, E. Houtzager, H. v. d. Brom, A. Sosso, D. Andreone, J. Nissilä und P. Helistö, "Analysis of different measurement set-ups for a programmable Josephson voltage standard", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 52 (2003) 524-528.
  
  
• A.Katkov, R.Behr, G.Telitchenko, and J.Niemeyer, “VNIIM-PTB comparison using a portable Josephson voltage standard“, Metrologia 40, 89-92, 2003.

• I.Y. Krasnopolin, R. Behr und J. Niemeyer, "Highly precise comparison of Nb/Al/AlOx/Al/AlOx/Al/Nb Josephson junction arrays using a SQUID as a null-detector", Supercond. Sci. Technol. 15 (2002), 1034 - 1036.

• A.M. Klushin, R. Behr, K. Numssen, M. Siegel und J. Niemeyer, "Accurate measurements of quantum voltage steps on arrays of bicrystal Josephson junctions", Appl. Phys. Lett. 80 (2002), 1972 - 1974.

• D. Reymann, T. Witt, G. Eklund, H. Pajander, H. Nilsson, R. Behr, T. Funck und F. Müller, "A three way, on-site comparison of the 10-V Josepshon voltage standards of the PTB, the SP and the BIPM", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 48, pp. 257-261, 1999.

• R. Behr, T. Funck, B. Schumacher und P. Warnecke, "Measuring resistance standards in terms of the quantised Hall resistance with a dual Josephson voltage standard using SINIS Josephson arrays", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 52 (2003) 521-523.

• B. Schumacher und R. Behr, "Kalibrierverfahren zur Charakterisierung von Nanovoltmetern" in "Fortschritte bei der Messung elektrischer Größen: neue Messverfahren von DC&LF bis HF", PTB-Bericht PTB-E-82, 2003.
  
  
• R. Behr, L. Grimm, T. Funck, J. Kohlmann, H. Schulze, F. Müller, B. Schumacher, P. Warnecke und J. Niemeyer, "Application of Josephson series arrays for a DC quantum voltmeter", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 50 (2001) 185-187.

• Ralf Behr, Oliver Kieler, Jinni Lee, Stephan Bauer, Luis Palafox, Johannes Kohlmann, "Direct Comparison of a 1 V Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Synthesizer and an AC Quantum Voltmeter", Metrologia 52, pp. 528-37, 2015
  
  
• O. F. Kieler, R. Behr, R. Wendisch, S. Bauer, L. Palafox, J. Kohlmann, "Towards a 1 V Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer", IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 25, 1400305 (2015)

• Michael Starkloff, Marco Schubert, Jinni Lee, Alexander Wintermeier, Andreas Charles Böck, Philip Fleischmann, Luis Palafox and Ralf Behr, "An AC Josephson Voltage Standard Systems for Frequencies up to the kHz Range Tested in a Calibration Laboratory", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., 99, pp. 2015
  
  
• O.F. Kieler, R. Behr, D. Schleussner, L. Palafox, J. Kohlmann, "Precision comparison of sine waveforms with pulse-driven Josephson arrays", IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 23 (2013) 1301404 (4 pp)

• R. Behr, O.F.O. Kieler, D. Schleußner, L. Palafox, and F.-J. Ahlers, "Combining Josephson Systems for Spectrally Pure AC Waveforms With Large Amplitudes", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. 62, no. 6, pp. 1634–9, June 2013.

• Jinni Lee, Ralf Behr, Luis Palafox, Alexander Katkov, Marco Schubert, Michael Starkloff and Andreas Charles Böck, "An ac quantum voltmeter based on a 10 V programmable Josephson array", Metrologia 50, pp. 612, 2013

• L. Palafox, R. Behr, J. Nissilä, J. Schurr, and B.P. Kibble, "Josephson Impedance Bridges as Universal Impedance Comparators", CPEM 2012 Conference Digest, Washington, USA, July 2012.

• J. Lee, J. Schurr, J. Nissilä, L. Palafox, R. Behr, and B.P. Kibble, "Programmable Josephson arrays for impedance measurements", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. 60, pp. 2596-2601, Jul. 2011.

• Jinni Lee, Jürgen Schurr, Jaani Nissilä, Luis Palafox und Ralf Behr, "The Josephson two-terminal-pair impedance bridge", Metrologia 47, pp. 453-459, 2010
  
  
• J. Kohlmann, O.F. Kieler, R. Iuzzolino, J. Lee, R. Behr, B. Egeling, F. Müller, "Development and investigation of SNS Josephson arrays for the Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Synthesizer (JAWS)", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 58 (2009) 797-802

• R. Behr, L. Palafox, G. Ramm, H. Moser and J. Melcher, "Direct comparison of Josephson waveforms using an ac quantum voltmeter", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. 56, no. 2, April 2007.

• W.G. Kürten Ihlenfeld, E. Mohns, R. Behr, J.M. Williams, P. Patel, G. Ramm und H. Bachmair, "Characterization of a high-resolution analogue-to-digital converter with an AC Josephson voltage source", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., 54, pp. 649-652, 2005.

• R. Behr, J.M. Williams, P. Patel, T.J.B.M. Janssen, T. Funck und M. Klonz, "Synthesis of precision AC waveforms using a SINIS Josephson junction array", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., 54, pp. 612-615, 2005.

• J.M. Williams, T.J.B.M. Janssen, L. Palafox, D.A. Humphreys, R. Behr, J. Kohlmann und F. Müller, "The simulation and measurement of the response of Josephson junctions to optoelectronically generated short pulses", Supercond. Sci. Technol. 17, pp. 815-818, 2004.

• T. Funck, R. Behr und M. Klonz, "Fast reversed DC measurements on thermal converters using a SINIS Josephson junction array", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 50 (2001) 322-325.