The atomic fountain clock CSF1 of PTBThe caesium fountain clock CSF1 was built up during 1996 - 1999. A second fountain clock, CSF2, with improved accuracy was put into operation in 2008.
Detailed information on CSF1Laser cooling basics Design of CSF1 Sequence of operations in a measurement cycle Atomic resonance signal of CSF1 Instability comparison with conventional clock CS2 Comparison between fountain clocks and time scale TAI