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Josephson Technology

Working Group 2.43

Selected Publications

on Josephson voltage standards

2022

H. Tian, "Development of RF power dividers for highly integrated circuits of AC Josephson voltage standards", in "Berichte aus dem Institut für Elektrische Messtechnik und Grundlagen der Elektrotechnik: 77", Dissertation, TU Braunschweig, Mensch und Buch Verlag, 2022, 1-127. (Opens external link in new windowdoi:10.24355/dbbs.084-202211081346-0

2021 - 2017

S.K. Tolpygo, T. Schurig, and J. Kohlmann, "Processing and manufacture of Josephson junctions: low-Tc", in "Handbook of Superconductivity: Processing and Cryogenics, Volume Two (2nd edition)", D.A. Cardwell, D.C. Larbalestier, A. Braginski (Eds.), CRC Press, (2021) 403-424. (Opens external link in new windowdoi:10.1201/9780429183027)

H. Tian, O. Kieler, R. Behr, R.-W. Gerdau, K. Kuhlmann, and J. Kohlmann, "Investigation of broadband Wilkinson power dividers for pulse-driven Josephson voltage standards", IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 31 (2021) 1100305 (5 pp). (Opens external link in new windowdoi:10.1109/TASC.2021.3055161)

O. Kieler, R. Wendisch, R.-W. Gerdau, T. Weimann, J. Kohlmann, and R. Behr, "Stacked Josephson junction arrays for the pulse-driven AC Josephson voltage standard", IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 31 (2021) 1100705 (5 pp). (Opens external link in new windowdoi:10.1109/TASC.2021.3060678)

H. Tian, O. Kieler, R. Behr, R. Wendisch, R.-W. Gerdau, K. Kuhlmann, and J. Kohlmann, "Development of RF power dividers for the Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer", IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 30 (2020) 1100105 (5 pp). (Opens external link in new windowdoi:10.1109/TASC.2020.2970216)

E. Bardalen, B. Karlsen, H. Malmbekk, O. Kieler, M. Nadeem Akram, and P. Ohlckers, "Packaging and demonstration of optical-fiber-coupled photodiode array for operation at 4 K", IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Manuf. Technol. 7 (2017) 1395-1401. (Opens external link in new windowdoi:10.1109/TCPMT.2017.2699485)

J. Kohlmann, "Application to Josephson voltage standards", in "Josephson junctions: history, devices, and applications", E. Wolf, G. Arnold, M. Gurvich, J. Zasadzinski (Eds.), Pan Stanford Publishing, (2017) 359-377.

R. Lapuh, B. Voljč, M.Lindič, and O.F.O. Kieler, "Keysight 3458A noise performance in DCV sampling mode", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 66 (2017) 1089-1094. (Opens external link in new windowdoi:10.1109/TIM.2017.2681238)

H.E. van den Brom, O.F.O. Kieler, S. Bauer, and E. Houtzager, "AC-DC calibrations with a pulse-driven AC Josephson voltage standard operated in a small cryostat", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 66 (2017) 1391-1396. (Opens external link in new windowdoi:10.1109/TIM.2017.2662381)

O.F.O. Kieler, "Pulsgetriebenes AC-Josephson-Spannungsnormal - Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Synthesizer", PTB-Bericht PTB-E-109; Dissertation, TU Ilmenau, 2017, 142 Seiten (in German). (Opens external link in new windowSchünemann Verlag)

2016 - 2013

J. Kohlmann and O. Kieler, "Fertigungstechnologie für praxistaugliche Josephson-Spannungsnormale", PTB-Mitteilungen 126 (2016) Heft 3, 7-14 (in German). (Opens external link in new windowdoi:10.7795/310.20160302)

O. Kieler, "Das pulsgetriebene AC-Josephson-Spannungsnormal", PTB-Mitteilungen 126 (2016) Heft 3, 25-32 (in German). (Opens external link in new windowdoi:10.7795/310.20160304)

R. Behr, O. Kieler, J. Lee, S. Bauer, L. Palafox, and J. Kohlmann, "Direct comparison of a 1 V Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer and an ac quantum voltmeter," Metrologia 52 (2015) 528-537. (Opens external link in new windowdoi:10.1088/0026-1394/52/4/528)

O.F. Kieler, R. Behr, R. Wendisch, S. Bauer, L. Palafox, and J. Kohlmann, "Towards a 1 V Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Synthesizer", IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 25 (2015) 1400305 (5 pp). (Opens external link in new windowdoi:10.1109/TASC.2014.2366916)

J. Kohlmann, "Quantum Standards for Voltage", in "Applied Superconductivity: Handbook on Devices and Applications", P. Seidel (Ed.), Wiley-VCH, (2015) 807-827.
also: in "Encyclopedia of Applied Physics, online edition", Wiley-VCH, (2016) EAP797 (23 pp). (Opens external link in new windowdoi:10.1002/3527600434.eap797)

F. Müller, T. Scheller, J. Lee, R. Behr, L. Palafox, M. Schubert, and J. Kohlmann, "Microwave design and performance of PTB 10 V circuits for the programmable Josephson voltage standard", World J. Condens. Matter Phys. 4 (2014) 107-122. (Opens external link in new windowdoi:10.4236/wjcmp.2013.34031)

T. Scheller, "Electrical properties of Josephson junctions with NbxSi1-x barriers customised for AC voltage standard applications", Dissertation, Jena, 2014, 1-110. (Opens external link in new windowCuvillier Verlag).

O.F.O. Kieler, T. Scheller, and J. Kohlmann, “Cryocooler operation of a pulse-driven AC Josephson voltage standard at PTB”, World J. Condens. Matter Phys. 3 (2013) 189-193. (Opens external link in new windowdoi:10.4236/wjcmp.2013.34031)

F. Müller, T. Scheller, R. Wendisch, R. Behr, O. Kieler, L. Palafox, and J. Kohlmann, "NbSi barrier junctions tuned for metrological applications up to 70 GHz: 20 V arrays for programmable Josephson voltage standards", IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 23 (2013) 1101005 (5 pp). (Opens external link in new windowdoi:10.1109/TASC.2012.2235895

O.F. Kieler, R. Behr, D. Schleussner, L. Palafox, and J. Kohlmann, "Precision comparison of sine waveforms with pulse-driven Josephson arrays", IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 23 (2013) 1301404 (4 pp). (Opens external link in new windowdoi:10.1109/TASC.2013.2237817)

R. Behr, O.F.O. Kieler, D. Schleußner, L. Palafox, and F.-J. Ahlers, "Combining Josephson systems for spectrally pure AC waveforms with large amplitudes", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 62 (2013) 1634-1639. (Opens external link in new windowdoi:10.1109/TIM.2013.2238433)

2012-2008

R. Behr, O. Kieler, J. Kohlmann, F. Müller, and L. Palafox, "Development and metrological applications of Josephson arrays at PTB", Meas. Sci. Technol. 23 (2012) 124002 (19 pp). (Opens external link in new windowdoi:10.1088/0957-0233/23/12/124002)

T. Scheller, F. Müller, R. Wendisch, O. Kieler, K. Störr, T. Weimann, B. Egeling, L. Palafox, R. Behr, and J. Kohlmann, "SNS junctions for AC Josephson voltage standards", Physics Procedia 36 (2012) 48-52. (Opens external link in new windowdoi:10.1016/j.phpro.2012.06.128)

J. Kohlmann and R. Behr, "Development of Josephson voltage standards", in: Superconductivity - Theory and Applications, Assoc. Adir Moysés Luiz (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-307-151-0, InTech (2011) 239-260.  (Available from: http://www.intechopen.com/articles/show/title/development-of-josephson-voltage-standards)

M. Schubert, S. Anders, E. Haertel, G. Wende, R. Hähle, L. Fritzsch, M. Starkloff, U. Springborn, F. Müller, J. Kohlmann, and H.-G. Meyer, "Microwave properties of microstrip line circuits used for Josephson voltage standard arrays at 70 GHz", Supercond. Sci. Technol. 24 (2011) 085006 (6 pp).  (doi:10.1088/0953-2048/24/8/085006)

J. Kohlmann, "Programmable Josephson voltage standards: from DC to AC”, in “100 Years of Superconductivity", H. Rogalla and P. Kes (Eds.), Taylor & Francis, (2011) 540-545.

S. Anders et al., "European roadmap on superconductive electronics – status and per­spectives", Physica C 470 (2010) 2079-2126. (doi:10.1016/j.physc.2010.07.005)

F. Mueller, R. Behr, T. Weimann, L. Palafox, D. Olaya, P.D. Dresselhaus, and S.P. Benz, "1 V and 10 V SNS programmable voltage standards for 70 GHz", IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 19 (2009) 981-986.  (doi:10.1109/TASC.2009.2017911)

O.F. Kieler, R. Iuzzolino, and J. Kohlmann, "Sub-µm SNS Josephson junction arrays for the Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer", IEEE Trans. Appl. Super­cond. 19 (2009) 230-233.  (doi:10.1109/TASC.2009.2019283)

J. Kohlmann, O.F. Kieler, R. Iuzzolino, J. Lee, R. Behr, B. Egeling, and F. Müller, "Development and investigation of SNS Josephson arrays for the Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Synthesizer (JAWS)", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 58 (2009) 797-802.  (doi:10.1109/TIM.2008.2007033)

2007 - 2004

O.F. Kieler, J. Kohlmann, and F. Müller, "Improved design of SNS Josephson junction series arrays for an AC Josephson voltage standard", Supercond. Sci. Technol. 20 (2007) S318-S322. (doi:10.1088/0953-2048/20/11/S04

O.F. Kieler, J. Kohlmann, R. Behr, F. Müller, L. Palafox, and J. Niemeyer, "SNS Josephson junction series arrays for the Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer", IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 17 (2007) 187-190. (doi:10.1109/TASC.2007.898652)

F. Müller, R. Behr, L. Palafox, J. Kohlmann, R. Wendisch, and I. Krasnopolin, "Improved 10 V SINIS series arrays for applications in AC voltage metrology", IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 17 (2007) 649-652. (doi:10.1109/TASC.2007.898736)

H.E. van den Brom, E. Houtzager, O. Chevtchenko, G. Wende, M. Schubert, T. May, H.-G. Meyer, O. Kieler, and J. Kohlmann, "Synthesis of sinusoidal signals with a Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer", Supercond. Sci. Technol. 20 (2007), 413-417. (doi:10.1088/0953-2048/20/5/001)

J. Kohlmann, F. Müller, O. Kieler, R. Behr, L. Palafox, M. Kahmann, and J. Niemeyer, "Josephson series arrays for programmable 10-V SINIS Josephson voltage standards and for Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizers based on SNS junctions", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 56 (2007) 472-475.   (doi:10.1109/TIM.2007.891077)

D. Hagedorn, O. Kieler, R. Dolata, R. Behr, F. Müller, J. Kohlmann, and J. Niemeyer, "Modified fabrication of planar sub-µm superconductor-normal metal-superconductor Josephson junctions for use in a Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Synthesizer", Supercond. Sci. Techn. 19 (2006) 294-298.   (doi:10.1088/0953-2048/19/4/009)

J. Kohlmann, F. Müller, R. Behr, D. Hagedorn, O. Kieler, L. Palafox, and J. Niemeyer, "Josephson junction series arrays for synthesis of AC and arbitrary waveforms", J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 43 (2006) 1385-1388.   (doi:10.1088/1742-6596/43/1/339)

J. Kohlmann, F. Müller, R. Behr, D. Hagedorn, and J. Niemeyer, "SINIS junction series arrays for the Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesiser", IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 15 (2005) 121-124.   (doi:10.1109/TASC.2005.849709)

O.A. Chevtchenko, H.E. van den Brom, E. Houtzager, R. Behr, J. Kohlmann, J.M. Williams, T.J.B.M. Janssen, L. Palafox, D.A. Humphreys, F. Piquemal, S. Djordjevic, O. Monnoye, A. Poletaeff, R. Lapuh, K.-E. Rydler, and G. Eklund, "Realisation of a quantum standard for AC voltage: Overview of a European research project", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 54 (2005) 628-631.   (doi:10.1109/TIM.2004.843078)

R. Behr, M. Schubert, and T. May, "Accuracy of a cryocooler-based programmable Josephson voltage standard", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 53 (2004) 822-825.   (doi:10.1109/TIM.2004.827068)

J.M. Williams, T.J.B.M. Janssen, L. Palafox, D.A. Humphreys, R. Behr, J. Kohlmann, and F. Müller, "The simulation and measurement of the response of Josephson junctions to optoelectronically generated short pulses", Supercond. Sci. Technol. 17 (2004) 815-818.   (doi:10.1088/0953-2048/17/6/014)

2003 - 2002

K.-T. Kim, R. Behr, and F. Müller, "Margins of junction parameter spread for non-hysteretic Josephson junction arrays", Supercond. Sci. Technol. 16 (2003) 1344-1348.

A. Katkov, R. Behr, G. Telitchenko, and J. Niemeyer, "VNIIM-PTB comparison using a portable Josephson voltage standard", Metrologia 40 (2003) 89-92.

J. Kohlmann, R. Behr, M.I. Khabipov, F. Müller, D. Balashov, T. Funck, F.-Im. Buchholz, and J. Niemeyer, "Anwendungen des Quantenvoltmeters in der Präzisionsmesstechnik", Supraleitung und Tieftemperaturtechnik 2003, VDI-Verlag, Düsseldorf (2003). (In German)

H.-G. Meyer, H. Hofmeister, J. Kohlmann, A. Klushin, G. Thummes, M. Siegel, and J. Niemeyer, "Vom Josephson-Spannungsnormal zum Quantenvoltmeter - Die Quantenmeßtechnik auf dem Weg zu einer breiten technischen Anwendung", Supraleitung und Tieftemperaturtechnik 2003, VDI-Verlag, Düsseldorf (2003). (In German)

J. Kohlmann, R. Behr and T. Funck, "Josephson voltage standards", Meas. Sci. Techn., 14 (2003) 1216-1228.

J. Kohlmann, M.I. Khabipov, R. Behr, H. Schulze, F. Müller, O. Kieler, D. Balashov, T. Funck, F.-Im. Buchholz, and J. Niemeyer, "Untersuchungen von integrierten Schaltkreisen und Messsystemen für das Quantenvoltmeters - Bericht über das BMBF-Vorhaben 13N7494", PTB-Bericht E-80 (2002) 1-75. (In German)

G. Wende, M. Schubert, T. May, L. Fritzsch, H.-G. Meyer, G. Thummes, Y. Kücükkaplan, L. M. Qiu, J. Kohlmann, J. Niemeyer, H. Hofmeister, and J. Scheerer, "Josephson voltage standard circuit operation with a pulse tube cooler", IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., 13 (2003) 915-918.

J.-P. Lo-Hive, F. Piquemal, R. Behr, C. Burroughs, and H. Seppä, "Characterisation of binary Josephson series arrays of different types at BNM-LNE and comparisons with conventional SIS arrays", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 52 (2003) 516-520.

R. Behr, T. Funck, B. Schumacher, and P. Warnecke, "Measuring resistance standards in terms of the quantised Hall resistance with a dual Josephson voltage standard using SINIS Josephson arrays", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 52 (2003) 521-523.

R. Behr, J. Kohlmann, T. J. B. M. Janssen, P. Kleinschmidt, J. M. Williams, S. Djordjevic, J.-P. Lo-Hive, F. Piquemal, P. O. Hetland, D. Reymann, G. Eklund, Ch. Hof, B. Jeanneret, O. Chevtchenko, E. Houtzager, H. v. d. Brom, A. Sosso, D. Andreone, J. Nissilä, and P. Helistö, "Analysis of different measurement set-ups for a programmable Josephson voltage standard", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 52 (2003) 524-528.

R. Behr, F. Müller and J. Kohlmann, "Josephson junction arrays for voltage standards", in "Studies of Josephson junction arrays", Vol. 2, (Studies of high temperature superconductors: 40), A.V. Narlikar, Nova Science Publ.: Huntington, NY, (2002), 155-184.

O. Kieler, R. Behr, F. Müller, H. Schulze, J. Kohlmann, and J. Niemeyer, "Improved 1 V programmable Josephson voltage standard using SINIS junctions," Physica C 372-376 (2002) 309-311.

I.Y. Krasnopolin, R. Behr and J. Niemeyer, "Highly precise comparison of Nb/Al/AlOx/Al/AlOx/Al/Nb Josephson junction arrays using a SQUID as a null-detector", Supercond. Sci. Technol. 15 (2002), 1034-1036.

A.M. Klushin, R. Behr, K. Numssen, M. Siegel, and J. Niemeyer, "Accurate measurements of quantum voltage steps on arrays of bicrystal Josephson junctions", Appl. Phys. Lett. 80 (2002), 1972-1974.

2001 - 2000

P. Kleinschmidt, P. Patel, J. M. Williams, T.J.B.M. Janssen, R. Behr, J. Kohlmann, J. Niemeyer, J. Hassel, and H. Seppä, "Arbitrary waveform synthesis using binary Josephson junction arrays", Ext. abstract BEMC 2001, 3C2 (2001) 1-4.

F. Müller, H. Schulze, R. Behr, O. Kieler, B. Egeling, J. Kohlmann, M. Khabipov, D. Balashov, I.Y. Krasnopolin, F.-I. Buchholz, and J. Niemeyer, "Optimized voltage standard arrays and on-chip frequency divider both in SINIS technology", Ext. Abstracts ISEC´01 (2001) 225-226.

J. Kohlmann, R. Behr, M. Khabipov, H. Schulze, D. Balachov, F. Müller, F.-Im. Buchholz, and J. Niemeyer, "Entwicklung von integrierten Schaltungen und Messsystemen für das Quantenvoltmeter", Supraleitung und Tieftemperaturtechnik 2000, VDI-Verlag, Düsseldorf (2001) 223-226. (In German)

J. Kohlmann, R. Behr, H. Schulze, F. Müller, J. Niemeyer, H. Hofmeister, J. Scheerer, L. Fritzsch, G. Wende, H.-G. Meyer, A. Klushin, C. Weber, M. Siegel, H. Kohlstedt, U. Stehr, and R. Tempel "Kommerzialisierung des Josephson-Spannungsnormals", Supraleitung und Tieftemperaturtechnik 2000, VDI-Verlag, Düsseldorf (2001) 227-230. (In German)

F. Müller, H. Schulze, R. Behr, J. Kohlmann, and J. Niemeyer, "The Nb­Al technology at PTB ­ a common base for different types of Josephson voltage standards", Physica C 354 (2001) 66-70.

R. Behr, L. Grimm, T. Funck, J. Kohlmann, H. Schulze, F. Müller, B. Schumacher, P. Warnecke, and J. Niemeyer, "Application of Josephson series arrays for a DC quantum voltmeter", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 50 (2001) 185-187.

J. Kohlmann, H. Schulze, R. Behr, F. Müller, and J. Niemeyer, "10 V SINIS Josephson junction series arrays for programmable voltage standards", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 50 (2001) 192-194.

T. Funck, R. Behr and M. Klonz, "Fast reversed DC measurements on thermal converters using a SINIS Josephson junction array", IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 50 (2001) 322-325.

H. Schulze, R. Behr, J. Kohlmann, F. Müller, and J. Niemeyer, "Design and fabrication of 10-V SINIS Josephson arrays for programmable voltage standards", Supercond. Sci. Technol. 13 (2000) 1293-1295.

H. Schulze, I.Y. Krasnopolin, R. Behr, J. Kohlmann, F. Müller, and J. Niemeyer, "Microwave properties of SINIS Josepshon junction series arrays", Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. 167 (2000) 761-764.

J. Kohlmann, H. Schulze, R. Behr, I.Y. Krasnopolin, F. Müller, and J. Niemeyer, "Programmable voltage standards using SINIS junctions", Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. 167 (2000) 769-772.

1999 - 1997

J. Kohlmann, R. Behr, H. Schulze, F. Müller, H. Sachse, I.Y. Krasnopolin, and J. Niemeyer, "Automatischer hochpräziser Josephson-Spannungsgeber für den Industrieeinsatz des Josephson-Spannungsnormals - Bericht über das BMBF-Vorhaben 13N6835", PTB-Bericht E-67 (1999) 1-36. (In German)

F. Liefrink, G. de Jong, P. Teunissen, J.W. Heimeriks, A. Royset, A.A. Dyrseth, H. Schulze, R. Behr, J. Kohlmann, E. Vollmer, J. Niemeyer, "Design of a bipolar Josephson array voltage standard for AC synthesis", Conference digest BEMC´99 (1999) 59/1- 59/4.

H. Schulze, "Josephson-Kontakte mit intrinsischem Shunt für programmierbare Josephson-Spannungsnormale", PTB-Bericht E-66 (1999) 1-76; zugl.: Dissertation, Tübingen 1999. (In German)

R. Behr, H. Schulze, F. Müller, J. Kohlmann, J. Niemeyer, and I.Y. Krasnopolin, "Micro-wave coupling of SINIS junctions in a programmable voltage standard", Ext. Abstracts ISEC´99 (1999) 128-130.

H. Schulze, F. Müller, R. Behr, J. Kohlmann, J. Niemeyer, and D. Balashov, "SINIS Josephson junctions for programmable Josephson voltage standard circuits", IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 9 (1999) 4241-4244.

R. Behr, H. Schulze, F. Müller, J. Kohlmann, and J. Niemeyer, "SINIS-Kontakte für ein programmierbares Spannungsnormal", Supraleitung und Tieftemperaturtechnik 1998, VDI-Verlag, Düsseldorf (1999) 416-421. (In German)

R. Behr, H. Schulze, F. Müller, J. Kohlmann, and J. Niemeyer, "Josephson arrays at 70 GHz for conventional and programmable voltage standards" IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 48 (1999) 270-273.

H. Schulze, R. Behr, F. Müller, and J. Niemeyer, "Nb/Al/AlOx/Al/AlOx/Al/Nb Josephson junctions for programmable voltage standards", Appl. Phys. Lett. 73 (1998) 996-998.

J. Niemeyer, W. Kessel, J. Kohlmann, and F.-Im. Buchholz, " Entwurf eines Josephson-Spannungsnormals mit integriertem RSFQ-Frequenzteiler", PTB-Mitteilungen 107 (1997) 333-334. (In German)