| The hydrodynamic test field represents the national
primary
standard for the realization and measurement of the measurands
volumetric
and mass flow rates as well as total volume and mass of flowing liquids
with water being used as test fluid.
The facility has been designed
for calibrating flowmeters with nominal diameter range from DN 20 to DN
400,
and a flow rate range from 0.3 up to 2100 m³/h /1/,
/5/.
The
realization of the measurands comprises an expanded measurement
uncertainty as
low as 0.02 percent.
 |
Figure
1: Setup of
the Hydrodynamic Test Field (without building)
|
Figure 2 (left side):
Calibration lines and the weighing systems in the background
Figure 3 (right side):
Willi Wien Tower (housing the constant-head tank on the 9th floor)
|
 |
To guarantee the low uncertainty of measurement, two standard
measuring
facilities were installed in the test field - one of them (weighing
systems
with diverters) working on the gravimetric principle and the other one
(pipe
prover) on the volumetric principle (see Figure 1) /1/.
A
direct (internal) comparison of measurements between the two measuring
facilities will allow to detect and determine in concrete values the
effects
which influence quantities exert on the uncertainty of measurement,
which could
hardly be realistically assessed up to now /2/.
Technical data and calibration
capabilities:
| Measurands: |
Volumetric
flow
rate
Mass flow rate
Volume (totalized)
Mass (totalized) |
Flow-rate
meters
and
Volume and mass flow totalizing meters |
| Calibration
modes: |
a) flying START & FINISH
b) standing START & FINISH |
Operation
control via:
Diverter
ON/OFF valve |
| Reference
standards: |
Gravimetric
calibration
Volumetric calibration
|
Balances:
30
t
3 t
0.3 t
Pipe prover
(reference volume: 250 l,
1.6 ... 1600 m³/h) |
| Operation
modes: |
Via
constant-head
tank
Pump direct operation
|
Constant
pressure
in calibration line
(approx. 0.35 MPa)
Variable pressure in calibration line
(max. approx. 0.6 MPa) |
| Meter
/ pipe
sizes: |
Calibration line A
Calibration line B |
DN 200 ... DN 400
DN 20 ... DN 150 |
| Ranges
of
flow rate: |
Calibration line A
Calibration line B |
3 m³/h ...
2100 m³/h
0.3 m³/h ... 320 m³/h |
| Pressure
range: |
0.2 MPa ... 0.6 MPa |
(pump direct operation) |
| Adjustable
temperature range: |
20 °C ... 23 °C |
(via constant-head tank) |
| Expanded
measurement uncertainty: |
± 0.02 % |
(via constant-head tank) |
| Further
plant items: |
Storage tank
Constant-head tank |
380 m³
capacity
35 m³ capacity,
overflow weir at a height of approx. 35 m |
The low uncertainty of measurement is necessary
- to ensure uniformity in the field of metrology and testing
both in the
national area and within the European market (function as a primary
national
flow standard),
- to allow research work to be carried out concurrently with
the pattern
approval when novel measuring instruments of higher accuracy are
approved,
- for basic investigations of influence factors due, for
example, to flow
disturbances upstream of the meter or to the dynamic behaviour of flow
meters.
Such factors may lead to errors and must be taken into account.
Publications on the
"Hydrodynamic Test
field"
| /1/ |
W.
Pöschel,
R. Engel |
The
concept of a new primary standard for liquid flow measurement at PTB
Braunschweig |
The 9th International
Conference on Flow Measurement FLOMEKO '98, proceedings, pp.
7-12, Lund,
Sweden, June 15-17, 1998 |
| /2/ |
W.
Pöschel |
Internal
and
External Measurement for Ensuring Accuracy and Traceability in
Flowmeter
Calibration |
4th International
Symposium on Fluid Flow Measurement , Denver, CO, USA, June 27-30,
1999 |
| /3/ |
W.
Pöschel,
R. Engel,
D. Dopheide,
H.J. Baade,
H.J. Kecke,
R. Praetor,
N. Weist,
E. Kurras |
A unique
fluid diverter design for water flow calibration
facilities |
The 10th International
Conference on Flow Measurement FLOMEKO 2000, Salvador, Brazil,
June 5-8,
2000 |
| /4/ |
R.
Engel,
U. Klages |
A novel
approach to improve diverter performance in liquid flow calibration
facilities |
The
10th International
Conference on Flow Measurement FLOMEKO 2000, Salvador, Brazil,
June 5-8,
2000 |
| /5/ |
R.
Engel |
Das
Hydrodynamische Prüffeld der PTB zur Untersuchung von
Durchflussmessgeräten (PTB's Hydrodynamic Test Field - a
facility to
investigate liquid flowmeters) |
PTB
seminar: New
developments in calibrating liquid flowmeters, Physikalisch-Technische
Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, 13.-14.11.2001
(seminar
program) |
| /6/ |
H.
Többen |
Kalibrierung
einer
Rohrprüfstrecke nach unterschiedlichen Verfahren (Calibration
of a
pipe prover by applying different methods) |
PTB
seminar: New
developments in calibrating liquid flowmeters, Physikalisch-Technische
Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, 13.-14.11.2001
(seminar
program) |
| /7/ |
W.
Pöschel |
Die
Aufgaben eines Primärnormals zur Sicherung der Vergleichbarkeit
der
Kalibrierergebnisse in der Durchflussmesstechnik (Tasks of a
primary
standard to guarantee comparability of calibration results in flow
metering) |
PTB
seminar: New
developments in calibrating liquid flowmeters, Physikalisch-Technische
Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, 13.-14.11.2001
(seminar
program) |
| /8/ |
R.
Engel |
Dynamic
Weighing - Improvements in Gravimetric Liquid Flowmeter
Calibration |
5th
International
Symposium on Fluid Flow Measurement , Arlington, VA, USA, April 8-10,
2002 |
| /9/ |
R.
Engel,
H.-J. Baade,
A. Rubel |
Performance
Improvement of Liquid Flow Calibrators by Applying Special Measurement
and
Control Strategies |
The
11th International
Conference on Flow Measurement FLOMEKO 2003, Groningen, The
Netherlands,
May 12-14, 2003 |
| /10/ |
R.
Engel,
H.-J. Baade |
New-Design
Dual-Balance Gravimetric Reference Systems with PTB's New "Hydrodynamic
Test Field" |
The
11th International
Conference on Flow Measurement FLOMEKO 2003, Groningen, The
Netherlands,
May 12-14, 2003 |
| /11/ |
R.
Engel |
PTB's "Hydrodynamic Test Field" - Investigations to
Verify the Measurement Uncertainty Budget |
The
12th International
Conference on Flow
Measurement FLOMEKO 2004, Guilin, China, September 14-17, 2004
|
| /12/ |
R.
Engel,
H.-J. Baade
|
Determination of liquid flowmeter characteristics for
precision
measurement purposes by utilizing special capabilities of PTB's
"Hydrodyanmic Test Field" |
6th
International Symposium
on Fluid Flow Measurement , Querétario, Mexico, May 16-18, 2006
|
| /13/ |
A. Loza
Guerrero,
R. Engel |
Water flow comparison measurements between Centro
Nacional de
Metrología (Mexico) and Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt
Germany)
by using a CENAM 100-mm dual-turbine meter transfer
standard |
6th
International Symposium
on Fluid Flow Measurement , Querétario, Mexico, May 16-18, 2006
|
| /14/ |
J.S. Paik, K.B.
Lee, R. Engel, A. Loza, Y. Terao, M. Reader-Harris |
BIPM Key Comparison KC1, Final Report: CCM.FF-K1
for
Water Flow |
BIPM
Bureau International des
Poids et Measures, Paris, - Key and supplementary comparisons:
Calibration and Measurement Capabilities Mass and related quantities,
Nov. 2006 |
| /15/ |
R.
Engel |
Modeling
the uncertainty in liquid flowmeter calibration and application -
Requirements
and their technical realization for PTB's national water flow
standard |
13th
SENSOR Congress 2007,
Nürnberg, Germany, May 22-24, 2007 |
| /16/ |
R. Engel, H.-J.
Baade |
Model-based fluid
diverter analysis for improved uncertainty determination in liquid flow
calibration facilities, exemplified with PTB's "Hydrodynamic Test
Field" |
The
14th International
Conference on Flow Measurement FLOMEKO 2007, Johannesburg,
South Africa,
September 18-21, 2007 |
| /17/ |
J. Aguilera, R.
Engel, G. Wendt |
Dynamic-weighing liquid
flow calibration system - Realization of a model-based concept
|
The
14th International
Conference on Flow Measurement FLOMEKO 2007, Johannesburg,
South Africa,
September 18-21, 2007 |
| /18/ |
R. Engel |
Wägetechnische Aspekte in der Durchflussmessung
(Aspects of weighing in fluid flow measurement)
|
sensor report,
4-2008, S. 26 - 30
|
| /19/ |
R.
Engel, B. Mickan
|
Aspects of traceability and comparisons in flow
measurement |
7th International
Symposium on Fluid Flow
Measurement , Anchorage, USA, August 12-14, 2009 |
| /20/ |
R. Engel, H.-J. Baade |
Model-based flow diverter analysis for an improved
uncertainty determination in liquid flow calibration facilities |
Measurement
Science and Technology 21 (2010) 025401 (11pp) |
| /21/ |
W.
Pöschel,
R. Engel |
Das
Hydrodynamische Prüffeld - Funktionsprinzipien, Aufbau und
Funktionsbeschreibung (The Hydrodynamic Test Field - Functional
principles,
setup, and function description) |
Unpublished
research
report, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, 1998
|
| /22/ |
H.J.
Kecke,
R. Praetor |
Abschlußbericht
zur Gestaltung, Bemessung, Bestückung, Herstellung und zum Test
der
Umschaltapparatur für die Mess-Strecke DN 150 - Teil: Gestaltung,
Bemessung sowie strömungsseitige Untersuchung und Test
(Prototyp-Entwicklung) (Final report on the layout, dimensional
design,
equipment, construction, and verification tests of the DN 150 diverting
device) |
Research
report, Otto
von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany, Institute for Fluid
Dynamics and
Thermodynamics, December 1999 |
| /23/ |
H.J.
Kecke,
R. Praetor |
Abschlußbericht
zur Gestaltung, Bemessung, Bestückung, Herstellung und zum Test
der
Umschaltapparatur für die Mess-Strecke DN 400 - Teil: Gestaltung,
Bemessung (Final report on the layout, dimensional design,
equipment,
construction, and verification tests of the DN 400 diverting
device) |
Research
report, Otto
von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany, Institute for Fluid
Dynamics and
Thermodynamics, July 2000 |
| /24/ |
H.J.
Kecke,
R. Praetor |
Abschlußbericht
Gestaltung, Bemessung, Bestückung und Herstellung der
Umschaltapparatur
für die Mess-Strecke DN 50 - Teil: Gestaltung, Bemessung (Final
report
on the layout, dimensional design, equipment, construction, and
verification
tests of the DN 50 diverting device) |
Research
report, Otto
von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany, Institute for Fluid
Dynamics and
Thermodynamics, May 2001 |
| /25/ |
A.
Kliewe |
Reglerentwurf
für die Temperaturregelung des Wassers im Hydrodynamischen
Prüffeld
der Physikalisch-Technischen Bundesanstalt Braunschweig per
Simulationsmodell
mit MATLAB und SIMULINK (Controller design of the water temperature
control
installation in PTB's Hydrodynamic Test Field utilizing MATLAB/SIMULINK
dynamic
system simulation) |
Diploma
thesis,
University of Applied Sciences Hannover, Electrical Engineering
Department,
Control Engineering Section, November 2000 |
Books on "fluid flow
measurement"
| Author(s) |
Titel |
Publisher |
Town(s) |
Year |
Merzkirch,
W.
(Editor) |
Fluid Mechanics of Flow
Metering |
Springer Verlag |
Berlin, Heidelberg, New
York |
2005 |
| Baker, R.
C. |
FLOW MEASUREMENT
HANDBOOK - Industrial designs, operating principles, performance, and
applications |
Cambridge
University Press |
Cambridge, United
Kingdom |
2000 |
| Adunka,
F. |
Meßunsicherheiten - Theorie und Praxis, 3.
Auflage |
Vulkan-Verlag |
Essen |
2007 |
| Adunka,
F. |
Handbuch der
Wärmeverbrauchsmessung - Grundlagen, Methoden, Probleme, 3.
Auflage |
Vulkan-Verlag |
Essen |
1999 |
| Goldstein,
R. J. |
Fluid Mechanics
Measurement |
Taylor &
Francis |
Philadelphia,
PA |
1996 |
| Miller, R.
W. |
Flow Measurement
Engineering Handbook, 3rd Edition |
McGraw-Hill |
New York, San
Francisco |
1996 |
Stuck,
D.
(Editor) |
Meßanlagen
für Volumenmeßteile von Wärmezählern - derzeitiger
Stand
und zukünftige Entwicklungen, PTB-Bericht PTB-W-61 |
Physikalisch-Technische
Bundesanstalt |
Berlin und
Braunschweig |
1995 |
| Witt,
A. |
Realisierungsmöglichkeiten von Meßanlagen
für
Volumenmeßteile von Wärmezählern der Klasse 1
(gemäß
CEN-Norm EN 1434 "Wärmezähler"), Beitrag aus PTB-Bericht
PTB-W-61 (see above) |
Physikalisch-Technische
Bundesanstalt |
Berlin und
Braunschweig |
1995 |
Lipták, B.
(Editor) |
Flow
Measurement |
Chilton Book
Company |
Radnor,
PA |
1993 |
| Upp, E.
L. |
Fluid Flow
Measurement - A practical guide to accurate flow
measurement |
Gulf Publishing
Company |
Houston, London,
Paris, Zürich |
1993 |
| Fiedler,
O. |
Strömungs-
und Durchflußmeßtechnik |
R. Oldenburg
Verlag |
München,
Wien |
1992 |
Spitzer,
D.
W.
(Editor) |
Flow Measurement
- Practical Guides for Measurement and Control |
Instrument
Society of America |
Research Triangle
Park, NC |
1991 |
| Furness,
R.
A.. |
Fluid Flow
Measurement |
Longman
House |
Harlow, United
Kingdom |
1990 |
| DeCarlo, J.
P. |
Fundamentals of
Flow Measurement |
Instrument
Society of America |
Research Triangle
Park, NC |
1984 |
| Spitzer, D.
W. |
Industrial Flow
Measurement |
Instrument
Society of America |
Research Triangle
Park, NC |
1984 |
| Cheremisinoff, N. P. |
Applied Fluid
Flow Measurement - Fundamentals and Technology |
Marcel Dekker,
Inc. |
New York,
Basel |
1979 |
| Hayward, A.
T. J. |
Flowmeters - A
basic guide and source-book for users |
The MacMillan
Press Ltd. |
London,
Basingstoke |
1979 |
| Bonfig,
K.W. |
Technische
Durchflußmessung |
Vulcan
Verlag |
Essen |
1977 |
| Zejtlin,
W.G. |
Volumen- und
Durchflußmeßtechnik |
Fachbuch Verlag
Leipzig |
Leipzig |
1971 |
| Orlicek, A.
F.; Reuther, F. L. |
Zur Technik der
Mengen- und Durchflussmessung von Flüssigkeiten |
R. Oldenbourg
Verlag |
München,
Wien |
1971 |
| Kalkhof,
H.-G. |
Mengenmessung von
Flüssigkeiten |
Carl Hanser
Verlag |
München |
1964 |
|
